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<main>
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<h1 id="adr-005-nats-jetstream-para-agent-coordination"><a class="header" href="#adr-005-nats-jetstream-para-agent-coordination">ADR-005: NATS JetStream para Agent Coordination</a></h1>
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<p><strong>Status</strong>: Accepted | Implemented
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<strong>Date</strong>: 2024-11-01
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<strong>Deciders</strong>: Agent Architecture Team
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<strong>Technical Story</strong>: Selecting persistent message broker for reliable agent task queuing</p>
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<hr />
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<h2 id="decision"><a class="header" href="#decision">Decision</a></h2>
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<p>Usar <strong>async-nats 0.45 con JetStream</strong> para coordinación de agentes (no Redis Pub/Sub, no RabbitMQ).</p>
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<hr />
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<h2 id="rationale"><a class="header" href="#rationale">Rationale</a></h2>
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<ol>
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<li><strong>At-Least-Once Delivery</strong>: JetStream garantiza persistencia + retries (vs Redis Pub/Sub que pierde mensajes)</li>
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<li><strong>Lightweight</strong>: Ninguna dependencia pesada (vs RabbitMQ/Kafka setup)</li>
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<li><strong>Async Native</strong>: Diseñado para Tokio (mismo runtime que VAPORA)</li>
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<li><strong>VAPORA Use Case</strong>: Coordinar tareas entre múltiples agentes con garantías de entrega</li>
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</ol>
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<hr />
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<h2 id="alternatives-considered"><a class="header" href="#alternatives-considered">Alternatives Considered</a></h2>
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<h3 id="-redis-pubsub"><a class="header" href="#-redis-pubsub">❌ Redis Pub/Sub</a></h3>
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<ul>
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<li><strong>Pros</strong>: Simple, fast</li>
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<li><strong>Cons</strong>: Sin persistencia, mensajes perdidos si broker cae</li>
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</ul>
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<h3 id="-rabbitmq"><a class="header" href="#-rabbitmq">❌ RabbitMQ</a></h3>
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<ul>
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<li><strong>Pros</strong>: Maduro, confiable</li>
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<li><strong>Cons</strong>: Pesado, require seperate server, más complejidad operacional</li>
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</ul>
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<h3 id="-nats-jetstream-chosen"><a class="header" href="#-nats-jetstream-chosen">✅ NATS JetStream (CHOSEN)</a></h3>
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<ul>
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<li>At-least-once delivery</li>
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<li>Lightweight</li>
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<li>Tokio-native async</li>
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</ul>
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<hr />
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<h2 id="trade-offs"><a class="header" href="#trade-offs">Trade-offs</a></h2>
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<p><strong>Pros</strong>:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>✅ Persistencia garantizada (JetStream)</li>
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<li>✅ Retries automáticos</li>
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<li>✅ Bajo overhead operacional</li>
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<li>✅ Integración natural con Tokio</li>
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</ul>
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<p><strong>Cons</strong>:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>⚠️ Cluster setup requiere configuración adicional</li>
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<li>⚠️ Menos tooling que RabbitMQ</li>
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<li>⚠️ Fallback a in-memory si NATS cae (degrada a at-most-once)</li>
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</ul>
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<hr />
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<h2 id="implementation"><a class="header" href="#implementation">Implementation</a></h2>
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<p><strong>Task Publishing</strong>:</p>
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<pre><pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust"><span class="boring">#![allow(unused)]
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</span><span class="boring">fn main() {
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</span>// crates/vapora-agents/src/coordinator.rs
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let client = async_nats::connect(&nats_url).await?;
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let jetstream = async_nats::jetstream::new(client);
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// Publish task assignment
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jetstream.publish("tasks.assigned", serde_json::to_vec(&task_msg)?).await?;
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<span class="boring">}</span></code></pre></pre>
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<p><strong>Agent Subscription</strong>:</p>
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<pre><pre class="playground"><code class="language-rust"><span class="boring">#![allow(unused)]
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</span><span class="boring">fn main() {
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</span>// Subscribe to task queue
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let subscriber = jetstream
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.subscribe_durable("tasks.assigned", "agent-consumer")
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.await?;
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// Process incoming tasks
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while let Some(message) = subscriber.next().await {
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let task: TaskMessage = serde_json::from_slice(&message.payload)?;
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process_task(task).await?;
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message.ack().await?; // Acknowledge after successful processing
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}
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<span class="boring">}</span></code></pre></pre>
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<p><strong>Key Files</strong>:</p>
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<ul>
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<li><code>/crates/vapora-agents/src/coordinator.rs:53-72</code> (message dispatch)</li>
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<li><code>/crates/vapora-agents/src/messages.rs</code> (message types)</li>
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<li><code>/crates/vapora-backend/src/api/</code> (task creation publishes to JetStream)</li>
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</ul>
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<hr />
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<h2 id="verification"><a class="header" href="#verification">Verification</a></h2>
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<pre><code class="language-bash"># Start NATS with JetStream support
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docker run -d -p 4222:4222 nats:latest -js
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# Create stream and consumer
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nats stream add TASKS --subjects 'tasks.assigned' --storage file
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# Monitor message throughput
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nats sub 'tasks.assigned' --raw
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# Test agent coordination
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cargo test -p vapora-agents -- --nocapture
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# Check message processing
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nats stats
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</code></pre>
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<p><strong>Expected Output</strong>:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>JetStream stream created with persistence</li>
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<li>Messages published to <code>tasks.assigned</code> persisted</li>
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<li>Agent subscribers receive and acknowledge messages</li>
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<li>Retries work if agent processing fails</li>
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<li>All agent tests pass</li>
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</ul>
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<hr />
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<h2 id="consequences"><a class="header" href="#consequences">Consequences</a></h2>
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<h3 id="message-queue-management"><a class="header" href="#message-queue-management">Message Queue Management</a></h3>
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<ul>
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<li>Streams must be pre-created (infra responsibility)</li>
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<li>Retention policies configured per stream (age, size limits)</li>
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<li>Consumer groups enable load-balanced processing</li>
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</ul>
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<h3 id="failure-modes"><a class="header" href="#failure-modes">Failure Modes</a></h3>
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<ul>
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<li>If NATS unavailable: Agents fallback to in-memory queue (graceful degradation)</li>
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<li>Lost messages only if dual failure (server down + no backup)</li>
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<li>See disaster recovery plan for NATS clustering</li>
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</ul>
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<h3 id="scaling"><a class="header" href="#scaling">Scaling</a></h3>
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<ul>
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<li>Multiple agents subscribe to same consumer group (load balancing)</li>
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<li>One message processed by one agent (exclusive delivery)</li>
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<li>Ordering preserved within subject</li>
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</ul>
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<hr />
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<h2 id="references"><a class="header" href="#references">References</a></h2>
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||
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<ul>
|
||
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<li><a href="https://docs.nats.io/nats-concepts/jetstream">NATS JetStream Documentation</a></li>
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<li><code>/crates/vapora-agents/src/coordinator.rs</code> (coordinator implementation)</li>
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<li><code>/crates/vapora-agents/src/messages.rs</code> (message types)</li>
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||
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