10 KiB
10 KiB
Advanced Networking Guide
Implement complex networking topologies including multi-region, hybrid cloud, and service mesh.
Network Architecture Patterns
Hub-and-Spoke Model
Central hub connects to multiple spokes (regions/environments):
{
network = {
model = "hub-and-spoke",
hub = {
name = "central-hub",
vpc_cidr = "10.0.0.0/16",
region = "us-east-1",
role = "transit-hub"
},
spokes = [
{
name = "production-spoke",
vpc_cidr = "10.1.0.0/16",
region = "us-east-1"
},
{
name = "staging-spoke",
vpc_cidr = "10.2.0.0/16",
region = "us-west-2"
},
{
name = "onprem-spoke",
vpc_cidr = "172.16.0.0/16",
connection_type = "vpn"
}
],
transit_gateway = {
enabled = true,
asn = 64512,
route_tables = [
{
name = "hub-routes",
routes = [
{ destination = "10.0.0.0/8", target = "hub" }
]
},
{
name = "spoke-routes",
routes = [
{ destination = "10.0.0.0/16", target = "hub" }
]
}
]
}
}
}
Mesh Network Model
Every node connects to multiple others for resilience:
{
network = {
model = "mesh",
mesh_nodes = [
{
name = "us-east-1",
vpc_cidr = "10.1.0.0/16",
peers = ["us-west-2", "eu-west-1", "ap-southeast-1"]
},
{
name = "us-west-2",
vpc_cidr = "10.2.0.0/16",
peers = ["us-east-1", "eu-west-1", "ap-southeast-1"]
},
{
name = "eu-west-1",
vpc_cidr = "10.3.0.0/16",
peers = ["us-east-1", "us-west-2", "ap-southeast-1"]
},
{
name = "ap-southeast-1",
vpc_cidr = "10.4.0.0/16",
peers = ["us-east-1", "us-west-2", "eu-west-1"]
}
],
peering = {
encryption = "ipsec",
bandwidth_limit = "10Gbps",
failover_enabled = true
}
}
}
Load Balancing Strategies
Global Load Balancing
def configure-global-load-balancer [] {
print "Configuring global load balancer..."
provisioning lb create \
--name global-lb \
--type global \
--algorithm latency-based
# Add endpoints in multiple regions
provisioning lb add-endpoint \
--lb global-lb \
--region us-east-1 \
--target us-east-1-alb.elb.amazonaws.com \
--weight 40
provisioning lb add-endpoint \
--lb global-lb \
--region eu-west-1 \
--target eu-west-1-alb.elb.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com \
--weight 35
provisioning lb add-endpoint \
--lb global-lb \
--region ap-southeast-1 \
--target ap-southeast-1-alb.elb.ap-southeast-1.amazonaws.com \
--weight 25
# Health checks
provisioning lb health-check configure \
--lb global-lb \
--path "/health" \
--interval 10 \
--timeout 5 \
--healthy-threshold 2 \
--unhealthy-threshold 3
}
Rate Limiting and DDoS Protection
{
load_balancer = {
advanced_features = {
rate_limiting = {
enabled = true,
rules = [
{
name = "api_rate_limit",
path = "/api/*",
requests_per_second = 1000,
burst_size = 2000
},
{
name = "login_rate_limit",
path = "/login",
requests_per_second = 10,
burst_size = 20,
by_ip = true
}
]
},
ddos_protection = {
enabled = true,
level = "high",
auto_mitigation = true,
managed_rules = true
},
waf = {
enabled = true,
rules = [
{
name = "sql_injection_protection",
enabled = true
},
{
name = "xss_protection",
enabled = true
},
{
name = "cors_enforcement",
enabled = true,
allowed_origins = [" [https://example.com"]](https://example.com"])
}
]
}
}
}
}
Service Mesh Integration
Istio Service Mesh
def deploy-service-mesh [] {
print "Deploying Istio service mesh..."
# Install Istio
provisioning istio install \
--namespace istio-system \
--profile production \
--enable-sidecar-injection
# Create virtual services for inter-service communication
provisioning virtualservice create \
--name api-service \
--namespace production \
--hosts ["api.internal"] \
--destinations [
{ host = "api-v1", subset = "v1", weight = 80 },
{ host = "api-v2", subset = "v2", weight = 20 }
]
# Define destination rules for load balancing
provisioning destinationrule create \
--name api-service \
--namespace production \
--host "api-service" \
--traffic_policy {
connection_pool: {
tcp: { max_connections: 100 },
http: { http1_max_pending_requests: 100 }
},
load_balancer: { simple: "LEAST_CONN" }
}
# Configure circuit breaker
provisioning circuit-breaker create \
--service api-service \
--consecutive_errors 5 \
--interval 30s \
--max_requests 100
}
DNS and Traffic Management
Multi-Region DNS
def setup-multiregion-dns [] {
print "Setting up multi-region DNS..."
# Primary region
provisioning dns record create \
--zone example.com \
--name api \
--type A \
--value "10.0.1.10" \
--region us-east-1 \
--set-id "primary" \
--failover-type PRIMARY
# Secondary region (failover)
provisioning dns record create \
--zone example.com \
--name api \
--type A \
--value "10.2.1.10" \
--region eu-west-1 \
--set-id "secondary" \
--failover-type SECONDARY
# Health check for failover
provisioning dns health-check create \
--name api-health \
--type HTTP \
--ip-address "10.0.1.10" \
--port 80 \
--path "/health" \
--interval 30 \
--failure-threshold 3
}
Network Security
Zero-Trust Network Access
{
network_security = {
zero_trust = {
enabled = true,
principles = [
"verify-every-access",
"encrypt-all-traffic",
"minimize-exposure",
"assume-breach"
]
},
network_zones = [
{
name = "public",
cidr = "10.0.1.0/24",
security_level = "high",
allowed_inbound = [
{ source = "0.0.0.0/0", port = 443, protocol = "tcp" }
]
},
{
name = "app",
cidr = "10.0.2.0/24",
security_level = "very-high",
allowed_inbound = [
{ source = "10.0.1.0/24", port = 8080, protocol = "tcp" }
]
},
{
name = "database",
cidr = "10.0.3.0/24",
security_level = "critical",
allowed_inbound = [
{ source = "10.0.2.0/24", port = 5432, protocol = "tcp" }
]
}
]
}
}
Network Policies
# Kubernetes network policies for zero-trust
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: NetworkPolicy
metadata:
name: deny-all
spec:
podSelector: {}
policyTypes:
- Ingress
- Egress
---
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: NetworkPolicy
metadata:
name: allow-api-to-database
spec:
podSelector:
matchLabels:
app: database
policyTypes:
- Ingress
ingress:
- from:
- podSelector:
matchLabels:
app: api
ports:
- protocol: TCP
port: 5432
Performance Optimization
Edge Caching and CDN
{
cdn = {
enabled = true,
provider = "cloudfront",
distributions = [
{
name = "api-cdn",
origins = [
{
name = "primary",
domain = "api-us-east-1.example.com"
}
],
caching = {
default_ttl = 300,
max_ttl = 3600,
compress = true,
cache_policy = "caching-optimized"
},
edge_locations = "all",
enable_http2 = true
}
]
}
}
Bandwidth Optimization
def optimize-bandwidth [] {
print "Optimizing bandwidth usage..."
# Enable compression
provisioning cdn compression enable \
--distribution api-cdn \
--types "text/*", "application/json", "application/javascript"
# Set up adaptive bitrate streaming
provisioning cdn adaptive-bitrate enable \
--distribution media-cdn
# Monitor bandwidth usage
provisioning cdn bandwidth monitor \
--distribution api-cdn \
--alert-threshold "80%" \
--duration "24h"
}
Troubleshooting Network Issues
def diagnose-network-connectivity [--target: string] {
print $"Diagnosing connectivity to ($target)..."
# DNS resolution
let dns_test = (
provisioning network test dns \
--hostname $target
)
print $"DNS: ($dns_test.status) - ($dns_test.latency)ms"
# TCP connectivity
let tcp_test = (
provisioning network test tcp \
--host $target \
--port 443
)
print $"TCP: ($tcp_test.status)"
# TLS/SSL
let ssl_test = (
provisioning network test ssl \
--host $target \
--port 443
)
print $"TLS: ($ssl_test.status)"
# HTTP
let http_test = (
provisioning network test http \
--url $" [https://($targe](https://($targe)t)" \
--timeout 10
)
print $"HTTP: ($http_test.status_code) - ($http_test.latency)ms"
# Traceroute
let trace = (
provisioning network trace \
--host $target \
--max-hops 20
)
print "Trace path:"
$trace.hops | each { | hop |
print $" ($hop.number): ($hop.host) ($hop.latency)ms"
}
}