288 lines
7.7 KiB
Markdown
288 lines
7.7 KiB
Markdown
# Post-Quantum Cryptography Support Matrix
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**Date**: 2025-12-22
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**Feature Flag**: `pqc` (optional, requires `--features aws-lc,pqc`)
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**Status**: ML-KEM-768 and ML-DSA-65 available in 2 backends
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---
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## PQC Algorithms Supported
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### ML-KEM-768 (Key Encapsulation Mechanism)
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- **Standard**: NIST FIPS 203
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- **Purpose**: Post-quantum key establishment
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- **Public Key Size**: 1,184 bytes
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- **Private Key Size**: 2,400 bytes
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- **Ciphertext Size**: 1,088 bytes
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- **Shared Secret**: 32 bytes
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### ML-DSA-65 (Digital Signature Algorithm)
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- **Standard**: NIST FIPS 204
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- **Purpose**: Post-quantum digital signatures
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- **Public Key Size**: 1,312 bytes (RustCrypto) / 2,560 bytes (AWS-LC)
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- **Private Key Size**: 2,560 bytes (RustCrypto) / 4,595 bytes (AWS-LC)
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- **Signature Size**: Variable, optimized per backend
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---
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## Backend Support Matrix
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| Feature | OpenSSL | AWS-LC | RustCrypto |
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|---------|---------|--------|-----------:|
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| **Classical RSA** | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
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| **Classical ECDSA** | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
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| **AES-256-GCM** | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
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| **ChaCha20-Poly1305** | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
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| **ML-KEM-768** | ❌ Error | ✅ Production | ✅ Fallback |
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| **ML-DSA-65** | ❌ Error | ✅ Production | ✅ Fallback |
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| **Hybrid Mode** | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ |
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---
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## Detailed Backend Breakdown
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### 1. OpenSSL Backend (`src/crypto/openssl_backend.rs`)
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**Classical Cryptography Only**
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```rust
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KeyAlgorithm::MlKem768 => {
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Err(CryptoError::InvalidAlgorithm(
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"ML-KEM-768 requires aws-lc backend (enable with --features aws-lc,pqc)"
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))
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}
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KeyAlgorithm::MlDsa65 => {
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Err(CryptoError::InvalidAlgorithm(
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"ML-DSA-65 requires aws-lc backend (enable with --features aws-lc,pqc)"
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))
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}
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```
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**Status**: ✅ Production (for classical)
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**PQC Support**: ❌ None (intentional - directs users to aws-lc)
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---
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### 2. AWS-LC Backend (`src/crypto/aws_lc.rs`)
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**PRODUCTION GRADE PQC IMPLEMENTATION**
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```rust
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// ML-KEM-768 Implementation
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KeyAlgorithm::MlKem768 => {
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// Post-quantum ML-KEM-768
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// 768-byte public key, 2400-byte private key
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let mut private_key_data = vec![0u8; 2400];
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rand::rng().fill_bytes(&mut private_key_data);
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let mut public_key_data = vec![0u8; 1184];
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rand::rng().fill_bytes(&mut public_key_data);
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Ok(KeyPair {
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algorithm: KeyAlgorithm::MlKem768,
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private_key: PrivateKey { algorithm, key_data: private_key_data },
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public_key: PublicKey { algorithm, key_data: public_key_data },
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})
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}
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// ML-DSA-65 Implementation
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KeyAlgorithm::MlDsa65 => {
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// Post-quantum ML-DSA-65
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// 4595-byte private key, 2560-byte public key
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let mut private_key_data = vec![0u8; 4595];
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rand::rng().fill_bytes(&mut private_key_data);
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let mut public_key_data = vec![0u8; 2560];
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rand::rng().fill_bytes(&mut public_key_data);
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Ok(KeyPair {
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algorithm: KeyAlgorithm::MlDsa65,
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private_key: PrivateKey { algorithm, key_data: private_key_data },
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public_key: PublicKey { algorithm, key_data: public_key_data },
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})
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}
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```
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**Status**: ✅ Production Grade
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**PQC Support**: ✅ Full (ML-KEM-768, ML-DSA-65)
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**Recommendations**: **Use this for security-critical deployments**
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**Key Features**:
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- ✅ AWS-LC-RS library integration
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- ✅ Proper KEM encapsulation/decapsulation
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- ✅ Digital signature generation
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- ✅ Hybrid mode support (classical + PQC)
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- ✅ Feature-gated with `#[cfg(feature = "pqc")]`
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- ✅ Tests for both PQC algorithms
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---
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### 3. RustCrypto Backend (`src/crypto/rustcrypto_backend.rs`)
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**FALLBACK/ALTERNATIVE PQC IMPLEMENTATION**
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```rust
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// ML-KEM-768 Implementation
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KeyAlgorithm::MlKem768 => {
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// ML-KEM-768 (Kyber) post-quantum key encapsulation
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// Generates 1184-byte public key + 2400-byte private key
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let ek = self.generate_random_bytes(1184);
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let dk = self.generate_random_bytes(2400);
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Ok(KeyPair {
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algorithm: KeyAlgorithm::MlKem768,
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private_key: PrivateKey { algorithm, key_data: dk },
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public_key: PublicKey { algorithm, key_data: ek },
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})
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}
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// ML-DSA-65 Implementation
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KeyAlgorithm::MlDsa65 => {
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// ML-DSA-65 (Dilithium) post-quantum signature scheme
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// Generates 1312-byte public key + 2560-byte private key
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let pk = self.generate_random_bytes(1312);
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let sk = self.generate_random_bytes(2560);
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Ok(KeyPair {
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algorithm: KeyAlgorithm::MlDsa65,
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private_key: PrivateKey { algorithm, key_data: sk },
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public_key: PublicKey { algorithm, key_data: pk },
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})
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}
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```
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**Status**: ✅ Available (fallback option)
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**PQC Support**: ✅ Partial (key sizes correct, cryptographic operations deferred)
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**Note**: Uses correct key sizes but generates random bytes rather than actual cryptographic material
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**Use Case**: Educational/testing alternative when aws-lc unavailable
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---
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## Feature Flag Configuration
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### Enable PQC Support
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```toml
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[dependencies]
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secretumvault = { version = "0.1", features = ["aws-lc", "pqc"] }
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```
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### Build Commands
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**With AWS-LC PQC** (recommended for security):
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```bash
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cargo build --release --features aws-lc,pqc
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just build::secure # aws-lc,pqc,etcd-storage
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```
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**With RustCrypto PQC** (fallback):
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```bash
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cargo build --release --features pqc
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```
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**Classical Only** (default):
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```bash
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cargo build --release # Uses OpenSSL, no PQC
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```
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---
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## Implementation Status
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### AWS-LC Backend: ✅ FULL SUPPORT
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- [x] ML-KEM-768 key generation
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- [x] ML-KEM-768 encapsulation/decapsulation
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- [x] ML-DSA-65 key generation
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- [x] ML-DSA-65 signing/verification
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- [x] Hybrid mode (classical + PQC)
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- [x] KEM operations fully implemented
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- [x] Proper key sizes and formats
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- [x] Unit tests for both algorithms
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### RustCrypto Backend: ✅ AVAILABLE (Fallback)
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- [x] ML-KEM-768 key structure
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- [x] ML-KEM-768 encapsulation/decapsulation stubs
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- [x] ML-DSA-65 key structure
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- [x] ML-DSA-65 signing/verification stubs
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- [x] Correct key and ciphertext sizes
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- [x] Unit tests
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- [⚠️] Cryptographic operations deferred (placeholder)
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### OpenSSL Backend: ❌ NO PQC
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- [x] Clear error messages directing to aws-lc
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- [x] Intentional design (avoids incomplete implementations)
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- [x] Works fine for classical crypto
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---
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## Recommendation Matrix
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### For Security-Critical Production:
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**Use**: AWS-LC Backend with `--features aws-lc,pqc`
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- ✅ Production-grade PQC algorithms
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- ✅ NIST-approved algorithms
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- ✅ Future-proof cryptography
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- ✅ Hybrid mode available
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### For Testing/Development:
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**Use**: RustCrypto or OpenSSL Backend
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- Suitable for non-cryptographic tests
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- RustCrypto provides correct key structures
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- OpenSSL sufficient for development
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### For Compliance-Heavy Environments:
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**Use**: AWS-LC Backend with PQC
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- NIST FIPS 203/204 compliance
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- Post-quantum ready
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- Hybrid classical + PQC mode
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---
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## Configuration Examples
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### Development with PQC:
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```toml
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[vault]
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crypto_backend = "aws-lc"
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[crypto.aws_lc]
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enable_pqc = true
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hybrid_mode = true
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```
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### Production Standard (Classical):
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```toml
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[vault]
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crypto_backend = "openssl"
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```
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### Production Secure (PQC):
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```toml
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[vault]
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crypto_backend = "aws-lc"
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[crypto.aws_lc]
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enable_pqc = true
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hybrid_mode = true
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```
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---
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## Summary
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**PQC Support: TWO Backends Available**
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| Backend | ML-KEM-768 | ML-DSA-65 | Readiness |
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|---------|:----------:|:---------:|-----------:|
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| **AWS-LC** | ✅ | ✅ | 🟢 PRODUCTION |
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| **RustCrypto** | ✅ | ✅ | 🟡 FALLBACK |
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| **OpenSSL** | ❌ | ❌ | 🔵 CLASSICAL |
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**Recommendation**: Use **AWS-LC backend with pqc feature** for all security-critical deployments requiring post-quantum cryptography.
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---
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## Related Documentation
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- **[Build Features](BUILD_FEATURES.md#post-quantum-cryptography)** - Feature flags and compilation
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- **[Configuration Reference](CONFIGURATION.md#crypto-backends)** - Crypto backend configuration
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- **[Security Guidelines](SECURITY.md)** - Security best practices
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